Hary Fauzi
23211255
3EB12
Excercise 35 : Passive Voice
Page 132
- The president is called (by somebody) every day.
- The amendment has been repealed by the other members.
- Mr. Watson will be called (by somebody) tonight.
- Considerable damaged has been caused by the fire.
- The supplies for this class should be bought by the teacher.
Excercise 36 : Causative Verbs
Page 135
- The teacher made juan (Leave) the room
- Toshiko had her car (Repaired) by a mechanic
- Ellen got marvin (To type) her paper
- I made jane (Call) her friend on the telephone
- We got our house (Painted) last week
- Dr. Byrd is having the students (Write) a composition
- The policemen made the suspect (Lie) on the ground
- Mark got his transcripts (Sent) to the university
- Maria is a gitting her hair (Cut) tomorrow
- We will have to get the dean (To sign) this form
- The techer let Al (Leave) the classroom
- Maria got Ed (To wash) pipetts
- She always has her car (Fixed) by the same mechanic
- Gene got his book (Published) by a subsidy publisher
- We have to help Janet (Find) her keys
ARTICLE ABOUT ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Kalimat
aktif (active voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya melakukan pekerjaan,
sebaliknya, kalimat pasif (passive voice) adalah kalimat dimana subject-nya
dikenai pekerjaan oleh object kalimat. Active voice lebih sering digunakan
dalam kehidupan sehari-hari dibandingkan dengan passive voice. Namun demikian,
sering kita temukan passive voice di surat-surat kabar, artikel-artikel di
majalah-majalah dan tulisan-tulisan ilmiah. Passive voice digunakan karena
object dari active voice merupakan informasi yang lebih penting dibandingkan
dengan subject-nya.
Contoh
:
·
Active : We fertilize the soil every 6 months
·
Passive: The soil is fertilized by us every 6
months
Dari
contoh ini dapat kita lihat bahwa:
1. Object dari active voice (the soil) menjadi subject
dari passive voice
2. Subject dari active voice (we) menjadi object dari
passive voice. Perhatikan pula bahwa terjadi perubahan dari subject pronoun
‘we’ menjadi object pronoun ‘us’.
3. Verb1 (fertilize) pada active voice menjadi verb3
(fertilized) pada passive voice.
4. Ditambahkannya be ‘is’ di depan verb3. Be yang
digunakan adalah tergantung pada subject passive voice dan tenses yang
digunakan. (Perhatikan pola-pola passive voice di bawah).
5. Ditambahkannya kata ‘by’ di belakang verb3. Namun,
jika object dari passive voice dianggap tidak penting atau tidak diketahui,
maka object biasanya tidak dikemukakan dan begitu pula kata ‘by’.
6. Khusus untuk kalimat-kalimat progressive (present,
past, past perfect, future, past future, dan past future perfect continuous,
perlu menambahkan ‘being’ di depan verb3). Kalau tidak ditambahkan “being”,
tensisnya akan berubah, bukan progressive/continuous lagi. Perhatikan
contoh-contoh pada poin h – o di bawah.
Berdasarkan keenam poin di atas
maka passive voice mengikuti pola sebagai berikut:
Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier
Subject + be + Verb3 + by + Object + modifier
Pola
active dan passive voice berdasarkan pada tiap tensis :
A. Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are.
Contoh:
a) Active : He meets them everyday.
Passive
: They are met by him everyday.
b) Active : She waters this plant every two days.
Passive
: This plant is watered by her every two days.
B. Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah was atau were.
Contoh:
a) Active : He met them yesterday
Passive : They were met by him yesterday
b) Active : She watered this plant this morning
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning
C. Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have,
sehingga menjadi ‘has been’ atau ‘have been.
Contoh:
a) Active : He has met them
Passive : They have been met by him
b) Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.
Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.
D. Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga
menjadi had been
Contoh:
a) Active : He had met them before I came.
Passive : They had been met by him before I came.
a) Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I
got here
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes
when I got here
E. Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah be
Contoh:
a) Active : He will meet them tomorrow.
Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow.
b) Active : She will water this plant this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon.
c) Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next
week
Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the
farmers next week.
F. Jika active voice dalam
future perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan
setelah auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi ‘will have been’
Contoh:
a) Active : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow.
Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there
tomorrow.
b) Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here
this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I
get here this afternoon.
G. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka
‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary would
have, sehingga menjadi ‘would have been’.
Contoh:
a) Active : He would have met them.
Passive : They would have been met by him.
b) Active : She would have watered this plant.
Passive : This plant would have been watered by her.
H. Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah (is, am atau are) + being.
Contoh:
a)
Active : He is meeting them
now.
Passive : They are being met by him now.
b)
Active : She is watering this
plant now.
Passive : This plant is being watered by her now.
I. Jika active voice dalam past
continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (was atau were) + being.
Contoh:
a) Active : He was meeting them.
Passive : They were being met by him.
b) Active : She was watering this plant.
Passive : This plant was being watered by her.
J. Jika active voice dalam
perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (has/have) been +
being.
Contoh:
a)
Active : He has been meeting
them.
Passive : They have been being met by him.
b)
Active : She has been
watering this plant.
Passive : This plant has been being watered by her.
K. Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense, maka
‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah had been + being.
Contoh:
a) Active : He had been meeting them.
Passive : They had been being met by him.
b) Active : She had been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant had been being watered by her.
L. Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah will be + being.
Contoh:
a) Active : He will be meeting them.
Passive : They will be being met by him.
b) Active : She will be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant will be being watered by her.
M. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense, maka
‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would be + being.
Contoh:
a)
Active : He would be meeting
them.
Passive : They would be being met by him.
b)
Active : She would be
watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.
N. Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense,
maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being.
Contoh:
a) Active : He will have been meeting them.
Passive : They will have been being met by him.
b) Active : She will have been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her.
O. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous
tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would have been + being.
Contoh:
a)
Active : He would be meeting
them.
Passive : They would be being met by him.
b)
Active : She would be
watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.
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